031 Review Part 2

These questions are from sample exams and actual exams at other universities. The questions are meant to represent the material usually covered in Math 31 for the final. An actual test may or may not be similar.

Click on the  boxed problem numbers  to go to a solution.

 Problem 1 

Consider the matrix  $A={\begin{bmatrix}1&-4&9&-7\\-1&2&-4&1\\5&-6&10&7\end{bmatrix}}$  and assume that it is row equivalent to the matrix

$B={\begin{bmatrix}1&0&-1&5\\0&-2&5&-6\\0&0&0&0\end{bmatrix}}.$

(a) List rank  $A$  and  ${\text{dim Nul }}A.$

(b) Find bases for  ${\text{Col }}A$  and  ${\text{Nul }}A.$  Find an example of a nonzero vector that belongs to  ${\text{Col }}A,$  as well as an example of a nonzero vector that belongs to  ${\text{Nul }}A.$

 Problem 2 

Find the dimension of the subspace spanned by the given vectors. Are these vectors linearly independent?

${\begin{bmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{bmatrix}},{\begin{bmatrix}3\\1\\1\end{bmatrix}},{\begin{bmatrix}-2\\-1\\1\end{bmatrix}},{\begin{bmatrix}5\\2\\2\end{bmatrix}}$

 Problem 3 

Let  $B={\begin{bmatrix}1&-2&3&4\\0&3&0&0\\0&5&1&2\\0&-1&3&6\end{bmatrix}}.$

(a) Is  $B$  invertible? Explain.

(b) Define a linear transformation  $T$  by the formula  $T({\vec {x}})=B{\vec {x}}.$  Is  $T$  onto? Explain.

 Problem 4 

Suppose  $T$  is a linear transformation given by the formula

$T{\Bigg (}{\begin{bmatrix}x_{1}\\x_{2}\\x_{3}\\\end{bmatrix}}{\Bigg )}={\begin{bmatrix}5x_{1}-2.5x_{2}+10x_{3}\\-x_{1}+0.5x_{2}-2x_{3}\end{bmatrix}}$

(a) Find the standard matrix for  $T.$

(b) Let  ${\vec {u}}=7{\vec {e_{1}}}-4{\vec {e_{2}}}.$  Find  $T({\vec {u}}).$

(c) Is  ${\begin{bmatrix}-1\\3\end{bmatrix}}$  in the range of  $T?$  Explain.

 Problem 5 

Let  $A$  and  $B$  be  $6\times 6$  matrices with  ${\text{det }}A=-10$  and  ${\text{det }}B=5.$  Use properties of determinants to compute:

(a)  ${\text{det }}3A$

(b)  ${\text{det }}(A^{T}B^{-1})$

 Problem 6 

Let  ${\vec {v}}={\begin{bmatrix}-1\\3\\0\end{bmatrix}}$  and  ${\vec {y}}={\begin{bmatrix}2\\0\\5\end{bmatrix}}.$

(a) Find a unit vector in the direction of  ${\vec {v}}.$

(b) Find the distance between  ${\vec {v}}$  and  ${\vec {y}}.$

(c) Let  $L={\text{Span }}\{{\vec {v}}\}.$  Compute the orthogonal projection of  ${\vec {y}}$  onto  $L.$

 Problem 7 

(a) Let  $T:\mathbb {R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb {R} ^{2}$  be a transformation given by

$T{\bigg (}{\begin{bmatrix}x\\y\end{bmatrix}}{\bigg )}={\begin{bmatrix}1-xy\\x+y\end{bmatrix}}.$

Determine whether  $T$  is a linear transformation. Explain.

(b) Let  $A={\begin{bmatrix}1&-3&0\\-4&1&1\end{bmatrix}}$  and  $B={\begin{bmatrix}2&1\\1&0\\-1&1\end{bmatrix}}.$  Find  $AB,~BA^{T}$  and  $A-B^{T}.$

 Problem 8 

Let  $A={\begin{bmatrix}1&3&8\\2&4&11\\1&2&5\end{bmatrix}}.$  Find  $A^{-1}$  if possible.

 Problem 9 

If  $A$  is an  $n\times n$  matrix such that  $AA^{T}=I,$  what are the possible values of  ${\text{det }}A?$

 Problem 10 

(a) Suppose a  $6\times 8$  matrix  $A$  has 4 pivot columns. What is  ${\text{dim Nul }}A?$  Is  ${\text{Col }}A=\mathbb {R} ^{4}?$  Why or why not?

(b) If  $A$  is a  $7\times 5$  matrix, what is the smallest possible dimension of  ${\text{Nul }}A?$

 Problem 11 

Consider the following system of equations.

$x_{1}+kx_{2}=1$

$3x_{1}+5x_{2}=2k$

Find all real values of  $k$  such that the system has only one solution.