009B Sample Midterm 2, Problem 2
Evaluate
- a) Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_1^2\bigg(2t+\frac{3}{t^2}\bigg)\bigg(4t^2-\frac{5}{t}\bigg)~dt}
- b) Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_0^2 (x^3+x)\sqrt{x^4+2x^2+4}~dx}
| Foundations: |
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| How would you integrate Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \int (2x+1)\sqrt{x^2+x}~dx?} |
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You could use Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u} -substitution. |
| Let Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u=x^2+x.} |
| Then, Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle du=(2x+1)~dx.} |
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Thus, |
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Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{array}{rcl} \displaystyle{\int (2x+1)\sqrt{x^2+x}~dx} & = & \displaystyle{\int \sqrt{u}~du}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{2}{3}u^{3/2}+C}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{2}{3}(x^2+x)^{3/2}+C.} \end{array}} |
Solution:
(a)
| Step 1: |
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| We multiply the product inside the integral to get |
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Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{array}{rcl} \displaystyle{\int_1^2\bigg(2t+\frac{3}{t^2}\bigg)\bigg(4t^2-\frac{5}{t}\bigg)~dt} & = & \displaystyle{\int_1^2 \bigg(8t^3-10+12-\frac{15}{t^3}\bigg)~dt}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\int_1^2 (8t^3+2-15t^{-3})~dt.} \end{array}} |
| Step 2: |
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| We integrate to get |
| Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_1^2\bigg(2t+\frac{3}{t^2}\bigg)\bigg(4t^2-\frac{5}{t}\bigg)~dt=\left. 2t^4+2t+\frac{15}{2}t^{-2}\right|_1^2.} |
| We now evaluate to get |
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Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{array}{rcl} \displaystyle{\int_1^2\bigg(2t+\frac{3}{t^2}\bigg)\bigg(4t^2-\frac{5}{t}\bigg)~dt} & = & \displaystyle{2(2)^4+2(2)+\frac{15}{2(2)^2}-\bigg(2+2+\frac{15}{2}\bigg)}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{36+\frac{15}{8}-4-\frac{15}{2}}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{211}{8}.} \end{array}} |
(b)
| Step 1: |
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| We use Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u} -substitution. |
| Let Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u=x^4+2x^2+4.} |
| Then, Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle du=(4x^3+4x)dx} and Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{du}{4}=(x^3+x)dx.} |
| Also, we need to change the bounds of integration. |
| Plugging in our values into the equation Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u=x^4+2x^2+4,} |
| we get Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u_1=0^4+2(0)^2+4=4} and Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle u_2=2^4+2(2)^2+4=28.} |
| Therefore, the integral becomes |
| Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\int_4^{28}\sqrt{u}~du.} |
| Step 2: |
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| We now have |
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Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{array}{rcl} \displaystyle{\int_0^2 (x^3+x)\sqrt{x^4+2x^2+4}~dx} & = & \displaystyle{\frac{1}{4}\int_4^{28}\sqrt{u}~du}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\left.\frac{1}{6}u^{\frac{3}{2}}\right|_4^{28}}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{1}{6}(28^{\frac{3}{2}}-4^{\frac{3}{2}})}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{1}{6}((\sqrt{28})^3-(\sqrt{4})^3)}\\ &&\\ & = & \displaystyle{\frac{1}{6}((2\sqrt{7})^3-2^3).} \end{array}} |
| Therefore, |
| Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_0^2 (x^3+x)\sqrt{x^4+2x^2+4}~dx=\frac{28\sqrt{7}-4}{3}.} |
| Final Answer: |
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| (a) Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{211}{8}} |
| (b) Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{28\sqrt{7}-4}{3}} |