009C Sample Midterm 1, Problem 1

Does the following sequence converge or diverge?

If the sequence converges, also find the limit of the sequence.

Be sure to jusify your answers!

$a_{n}={\frac {\ln n}{n}}$

Foundations:
L'Hôpital's Rule
Suppose that  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim_{x\rightarrow \infty} f(x)}   and  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim_{x\rightarrow \infty} g(x)}   are both zero or both  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \pm \infty .}
If  Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim_{x\rightarrow \infty} \frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)}}   is finite or  $\pm \infty ,$
then  $\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {f(x)}{g(x)}}\,=\,\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {f'(x)}{g'(x)}}.$

Solution:

Step 1:
First, notice that
$\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }\ln n=\infty$
and
$\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }n=\infty .$
Therefore, the limit has the form  ${\frac {\infty }{\infty }},$
which means that we can use L'Hopital's Rule to calculate this limit.

Step 2:
First, switch to the variable  $x$   so that we have functions and
can take derivatives. Thus, using L'Hopital's Rule, we have
${\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle {\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {\ln n}{n}}}&=&\displaystyle {\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {\ln x}{x}}}\\&&\\&{\overset {L'H}{=}}&\displaystyle {\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {{\big (}{\frac {1}{x}}{\big )}}{1}}}\\&&\\&=&\displaystyle {0.}\end{array}}$

Final Answer:
The sequence converges. The limit of the sequence is  $0.$

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